BAföG is the state financial support scheme for students in Germany. Regardless of how long they have been living in Germany, recognised refugees (those entitled to asylum, refugees who have been granted refugee status or subsidiary protection) can apply for BAföG.
Refugees who hold a tolerated stay permit (Duldung) can receive BAföG after at least 15 months of uninterrupted lawful stay in Germany.
Asylum seekers whose applications have not yet been decided cannot apply for BAföG. They receive support under the Asylum-Seeker Benefits Act.
For further information, or if your legal status/residence permit is not listed here, please refer to § 8 BAföG. The social counselling services at your local "Studierendenwerk" offer information on the various funding options.